​Here's the video i just created for this fundraiser...I am raising funds for a friend. I have contributed $100 and would love if you could spare even $10...we would really appreciate it. 
Francis and his family protect the turtles that lay their eggs on the beach a few steps away from his house. The beach has been leased by a chicken farmer who wants to use the space to dump garbage from the farm - onto the beach - this will further endanger the ridley turtles, dirty the beach and ocean and affect Francis's livelihood which is providing homestays to guests of kerala (like us) - please help me raise funds so that he can buy this strip of land and continue to protect the turtles. Please share and spread the word. Please help us connect with like-minded people/conservationists etc. to raise awareness about the good work one family has been doing with no recognition whatsoever. He is a close and personal friend of ours  :) 
https://www.gofundme.com/f/save-the-beach-save-the-turtles-save-this-legacy?utm_source=customer&utm_medium=copy_link&utm_campaign=p_cp+share-sheet

The Kollam canal in kerala, is soon going to be revamped which is a great endeavour for it will reestablish a route through the city to the Ashtamudi lake. This will create a route for fishermen and even build a kollam backwater tourist route which can benefit the local population.

However in order to do this the central government needs to clear cut the area around the canal as it is overgrown with jackfruit, mango trees, banana trees and a wide variety of other vegetation. This will have a negative impact to both, the environment and to the locals who enjoy the shade and filtered air from this forest area.

It hasn't been just the local residents who have benefitted from this natural beauty. Along the shore of the canal stands a very unique tree structure. It is an anomaly because it is actually two trees that have grown and intertwined to form a very special bond. Neither have had a negative effect on the other, and both are thriving. Oddly, one is a mango tree and the other is the aggressive Bodhi or Peepal tree. Stems, roots and branches merge and engulf each other , forming a stunning display of kinship - two beings living as one.

This beautiful duet of the natural world has resided near the canal for over 100 years, and in the days when the canal was actively being utilised, provided a rest stop for boats seeking respite from the hot sun. So significant, this tree has become a sacred place of worship to the people in the area, where rites and prayers are performed. Unfortunately this great example of harmony has been tagged with red numbers - 230, and is in imminent danger of removal.

During the British colonisation, the Kollum canal was the only way to transfer goods across Kerala and therefore was very important. Post Independence, the waterway use waned and gradually fell into neglect. Slowly the encroaching vegetation made areas impassable.

With the National Governments' push to regain use of the Kollam waterway, it seems there is great impact to the natural environment and local wellbeing that is not being considered. Trees like the one mentioned above, are being removed without any consideration to conservation or respect for nature. Our Peepal/Mango tree should be a call to action to preserve, even a few of the trees along the canal.

In this day and age of connectivity thanks to social media, the internet and cell phones... surprisingly enough, depression is on the rise. where in the past the youth were able to exercise in a pollution free environment, we now opt to stay indoors and breathe the air filtered through expensive air purifiers which has an adverse affect on our health. Brisk walks or jogging through green belts has become pointless.

 As a result, We spend most of the time indoors, hunched over computers for hours at a time...neglecting  our social lives and even familial relationships which lead to a very lonely existence, that is filled with hours of online entertainment.

These habits lead to a drop in the bodys' ability to produce serotonin which I call the happiness chemical, that the body naturally produces along with endorphins which contributes to a feeling of well being.

However there is a solution and this is to ensure that one practices a well rounded sequence of yoga under the guidance of a seasoned and well trained instructor in the comfort of their home.

Yoga is now being proved by the western medical world (something we always knew in the east) to have far reaching benefits when practiced on a regular basis, provided it is a meditative form of yoga connecting one to the breath and to the body. Things like power yoga, jogging and exercising at the gym work on the exterior part of the body however if one wants a more holistic experience then it is recommended to enlist a restorative form of yoga, which includes pranayam.

This allows one to be more aware of ones self which in turn  enables a person to understand that we are not our thoughts or feelings, for they pass. If however it permeates to a feeling of lethargy or develops into wanting to commit suicide, professional help should always be sought. 

This allows one to manage stress more effectively and be in better spirits when interacting as usually people can be quite rude or obnoxious in their dealings.

Doing yoga regularly increases energy levels, takes care of aches and pains that develop due to sedentary life styles and allows a person to feel better about themselves due to the endorphin and serotonin chemicals being released in the body.

The adage of slow down and smell the flowers has never been more important than in today's world.
{Pending approval on sivanaspirit blog - awesome website}

Counting down from three weeks and the day had arrived. We were off. Excited to be heading to Nepal with Jody and her family. Originally she and I had planned to fly in just to get a tattoo and return. However, being a mother of three, her family wanted to join us for the opportunity to explore a new country. Initially I had thought that being with her family would mean I would be a third wheel and almost didn’t book the ticket. But when I told her, she was dismayed, for the main reason she was going was because of me, and to get a tattoo. Caught between disappointing Jody and being a third wheel, I decided that I would take my chances as I was sure there were enough things we could do without imposing  and yet still enjoy each others company, so I booked the same flight and hotel. 

Jody and I had been agonizing over tattoos and artists and were still unsure of what to get though we had a fair idea…but decided in the end to wing it once we reached the tattoo convention.

We arrived after a bumpy flight wondering if the pilot was fresh out of training. I had met another client on the plane who had mentioned her previous holiday that never ensued due to a lack of permission for the Andaman Islands – so I put my arms around her and told her this trip would hopefully be better…

Mi Casa was a quaint boutique hotel with the rooms named after the major mountain tops. We dropped off our luggage and headed for the Yak and Yeti hotel where the tattoo convention was being held. Jody and I headed in with the children and father following suite for their curiosity had been piqued. I was nervous about the childrens’ reaction to the various artists, and customers – especially as I introduced them to a friend who had skin modifications and scarification, which had freaked me out the first time I had seen them. The children were more curious than upset. Bill later told me that it was the extreme poverty that would affect them more, but I figured being from Delhi, they would have seen more than enough poverty to last them a lifetime. The convention was a buzz of needles and piercings and I walked around trying to find the Japanese tattoo artist whom we wanted to book, but she was too busy. Jody had her camera out and was taking pictures, with the kids trailing after looking rather bug-eyed at the entire scenario of dreadlocks, colors and disinfectant. Jody and I picked another artist whose gentle energy and beautiful artwork enticed us – and I asked Murrey if he could give me a tattoo or at least discuss the options. 

            Murrey spent twenty minutes drawing a lotus type of flower around my Mauri turtle tattoo. But the two were very different styles, rather than complementing looked more like a mess on my leg. He had quoted $160, but I told him my budget was $50. Luckily we decided that I would sleep on it and return two days later to get the tattoo done, since he was booked all day on Saturday and it seemed a better idea to get the tattoo done, in the morning when both of us were fresh. I didn’t want to rush into getting a  tattoo like I had the previous year, and was relieved that he didn’t push it.

            Jody and I went out that evening for a walk to see Thamel. Jody was searching for handmade Tibetan singing bowls and we scanned the shops making a mental note of things that would be interesting to buy. I needed to buy one pair of hippie pants for a friend but could see that Jody found it to be a shopper’s paradise. Since I couldn’t find the restaurant that Mary had taken me to before, we opted for a restaurant that sounded like it was playing good classic rock and walked three stories up to find a dingy but very popular bar. We surveyed the restaurant and opted to sit outside so we could talk and enjoy the music. Although I hadn’t eaten much food I was more interested in a beer and Jody ordered a virgin Pina Colada. We talked about our lives and issues we faced, interrupted by friendly Nepali locals who wanted to socialize – but our intense conversation deterred them so they ultimately left us alone. We left one glass short of a beer returning to the streets of Thamel that had closed but was buzzing with the beginning of a nightlife that closely resembled Hauz Khas village.

            Saturday morning started out with a light breakfast and two cups of chai with the children and Bill. They did math practice which I found amusing, since I could never recall doing anything of the sort growing up. It was always more fun to observe other families and their interactions for it made me wonder if I could think of having my own family. An urge I had missed in my adulthood but one that had recently been raised as a thought. I showed them a video of a girl twerking only to end up being on fire which Bill googled to find out, that the video had been staged. Disappointed by such flagrant videos, I shared the acro-yoga video that reminded them of the circus acts they had seen. Jody joined us a few minutes later and we discussed the plan for the day. They wanted to go to three temples, and I wondered if there was any point going to the convention to find out how many tattoo artists would be interested in signing up for a yoga retreat. With Jodys medical background, she figured that most of the artists would perhaps not be interested in yoga of any sort so I opted to accompany them, as they saw sights that I had seen years ago, but would be fun to check out once again. After fifteen minutes of trying to get a taxi, Romero the owner of Mi Casa gave us a taxi to take us for free to the monkey temple known as Swayambhu. Thamel was interesting as ever with shops filled with old computers, old utensils and a general sense of old architecture. The narrow streets with its two storey high buildings, was reminiscent of old Delhi with some charm. The tall poles with its multitude of wires allowed monkeys to cross over, by balancing on them. Jody clicked pictures as the children pointed out interesting things. I listened to music while the driver named some of the sites; temples, Stupas and prayer flags decorated the ride up the hill to the entrance of the monkey temple. We paid the entrance fee and entered the first part of the temple which was a pond filled with coins. The idea was to toss the coins into a copper vessel in the middle of a water body. Success meant either world peace or your wish would come true. I wasn’t sure which. I photographed the photographers, Jody and Bill with their children. The children took turns being photographed beside a large bell, pretending it was a hat and the usual antics children get up to while I watched – mentioning that I wanted to do a headstand on the way back down – not beforehand for I  didn’t want us to get kicked out. We climbed the steep stairs slowly stopping to admire the view, while I was stared at, since some of the local boys tried to figure out what my relationship was to the children and Bill. Jody was still at the bottom photographing everything in view. The local boys asked me if I was Indian or Nepali and I told them that I was Indian,  that the children were mine and that Bill was my husband. Bill found it quite funny and preferred that made up story to the one where I could have said that I was their adopted daughter – which I agreed was less interesting. When we reached the top of the temple, we split up. I walked around, spinning the prayer wheels praying to the Gods for peace of mind and contentedness. Jody and Bill photographed their children running into pigeons whilst I continued exploration of the temple, awe over the view and hoping to glimpse the children monks. We lost track of time but done with the exploration I headed back to the family to ask them if we were ready to leave. Just then the ground started to shake. Jody caught ahold of Edith and Sherry and from the right Bill and Alice converged towards us and we huddled into a football formation covering the children while the earth shook in anger. I looked up to the right to see a Stupa crumble into dust not more than a few inches away from us. I started to chant Om Namah Shivaya and looked at another woman who stood opposite, chanting with the same energy but perhaps much calmer. We both looked at each other continuing to chant. Covered in a yellow-orange dust, once the rumbling and the earth stopped shaking, Bill told us to head down the stairs slowly. I took a second to survey the city before us, where plumes of smoke rose in the air, thankfully only dust and no fires, but couldn’t be sure. People tried to walk down calmly though there were a group of boys who wanted to push past us. I held onto Alice who was almost my size though a child whilst Bill had one child and Jody another. I didn’t want to separate so told Alice to hold on to the railing as I tried to figure out where we would be the safest as we walked down with tempered hurriedness. I stopped after a few seconds realizing that Bill was several steps behind us as was Jody. As we regrouped, for the fear of separation in the chaos popped into my head. Perhaps it was all the movies I had seen, for I made Alice move over to the left on the side of the wall, allowing others to pass as we waited for the rest of the family to catch up. We took shelter to the left behind a rock embankment which housed two statues and a tree. Bill had been trained for emergencies and told us to stay close to the wall, though we were worried that the hill would either slide down into us or the trees or statues would fall upon us. 

The first thing I did after we sat down was to call my father or brother but the line refused to connect. A couple of seconds later I was able to get through to my brother and told him that we had been in what seemed like a major earthquake and were ok but were unsure of what to do. While talking to my brother the line got disconnected. Though we thought we were safe, I knew from previous experiences with earthquakes that aftershocks would occur and I was not wrong. What seemed like minutes later we felt several aftershocks…and they came in waves. I kept texting my brother, counting the aftershocks. A local told us to move away from the wall, and we sat close to a large group of Asians who were praying in earnest and when finished, took out their packed lunches and proceeded to eat. Bill pointed out the irony of the situation of eating a meal in the midst of chaos; it seemed fitting for it could have been their last meal…they shared a box of chocolate flavored soan papad – not my favorite, and I refused more. We sat through 8 aftershocks (that I was able to count) texting my brother post each one, that we were ok. after some time, the after shocks abated and we proceeded to the main road to be met by a man who had just finished attending a convention on emergency response. He scared us by telling us that the entire city had been razed to the ground and that thousands were dead. I don’t think this information helped any of us – for he had been in the earthquake at the top with us, but not covered in dust – so it could have only been an estimated guess. Upon reaching the ground, we saw that one of the concrete entrances had shifted a few inches and had a large crack in it. Wary of passing under it, we skirted off to the side, keeping to the open ground and looked for a taxi that could take us back to Mi Casa. There was a pile of rubble – but Nepal being similar to India, had a war torn look to begin with, so I assumed that it wasn’t to do with the quake. Some of the taxi drivers nodded their head saying no one would take us back but we had to get the passports. A taxi finally acquiesced and took us halfway into Thamel that was thronging with people clearly in shock and the city had an air of strange calm that I could only wonder as to how long it would last. The taxi driver refused to go any further and dropped us off in the middle of the road. The streets were lined with locals and tourists, and as we walked through Thamel with a child each in hand. We saw few buildings that had collapsed and even one which was just leaning onto another….that galvanized us to move quicker but we had to keep asking for directions for the maze of roads was confusing and we didn’t want to end up taking a wrong turn. We finally made it to the lane where our hotel was and were relieved to find it still standing. Romero came rushing out and hugged us – relieved that we were safe, and insisted that we spend the rest of the afternoon in the park. We hurriedly took our luggage from the rooms and waited in the park for hours still feeling wave after wave of aftershocks which seemed never-ending.  There was no point going to the airport for it was closed. I tried my family once again, to let them know that we had made it back to the hotel safely and were trying to figure out what next to do. Unable to get ahold of my father or brother, I called my mothers cell phone and it went through. Upon hearing her voice I finally broke down into tears. With my back facing the crowd in the garden, I allowed a few sobs and tears and was reminded by her to be strong and hold on. Wiping the tears away, I did a few yoga stretches, alternate nostril breathing, and pulled myself together. One of the guests at the hotel who had been in a café during the earthquake approached me, to find out what could be done to alleviate back pain. I showed Inga a few exercises.

We still had a long evening ahead and I needed to charge the android – which had almost used the battery up to connect to the net to update facebook about the earthquake. Everyone I knew was aware that I was in Nepal - to get a tattoo… so much for that.

Once the dust had literally settled, our stomachs woke up but there seemed to be no food in the cafes or the hotel restaurant. We were lucky a woman walking past us with an armful of Wai Wai noodles (similar to Maggi but a lot tastier), gave three packets so that the children and I could eat. Bill, Alice and I went to the restaurant kitchen requesting hot water – for the noodles could be cooked in the water, without a stove. I asked Bill to leave my bowl at the restaurant for I was fed up of ping ponging between the garden and the restaurant and chose to eat at the table, while the android charged. There was no electricity but the restaurant had a powerful inverter which allowed some of the guests (myself included) to charge our phones. I used the facilities several times, by which point darkness had descended. I wanted to sit indoors away from the mosquitoes and cold taking my chances with the building, whilst other guests milled around packing and taking the odd phone calls from worried friends and families. Being the usual social butterfly, I struck up a conversation with two guests who were sitting at the reception area. The woman from Malaysia had just finished a trek and was getting ready to return to her country, whereas the gentleman shared that he was from Poland. I told him about the polish group WWO I listened to, though he hadn’t heard of them. I told him that my polish friends had translated that they sang the usual songs about love which he found amusing. We shared our backgrounds and why we had come when the woman from Malaysia excused herself and ultimately didn’t rejoin us. The Polish Journalist, Peter and I talked to each other for a while exchanging information about ourselves and discussed the political situation in India, whilst the hotel building shivered occasionally under soft tremors. Romero interrupted us to steal the Peter for he needed a translator to speak with a person on the phone while I tried to settle the bill. The card refused to go through and Bill paid in cash. As we sorted the bill out, I gave my business card to the Peter who promised to call when he was in Delhi, for he spent 5 months in Delhi, five in Nepal and two in Poland. It was a coffee date that would need to wait for June until he returned to Delhi. We continued our conversation till Bill came over to give the news that Diana from the International Red Cross had come to pick us up. She wanted us to stay with her as the house she lived in was earthquake proof, and Bill was her responsibility. Bill asked me to get the girls and his wife from the garden, for they had been camped out for hours in the cold. We thanked Romero profusely for his hospitality and said wished them well. As we walked down the lane, heading towards the main road of Thamel, we were met with electricity poles that had come down in the middle of the road, at some point during the tremors. Loading the luggage, Bill and I sat in the back with the children and Jody in the middle, and Diana in the front. We drove through the streets of Katmandu which had little evidence of the earthquake save for a few crumbled walls. 

Dinner at the house consisted of biscuits, nimbu paani (lemon water) and bananas. Being a Saturday would have been a day to stock up but the earthquake clearly interrupted this. Diana had been sitting in a café with her husband and son when the earthquake hit. Before they felt the waves, she mentioned seeing bikers being knocked off their bikes. They had managed to get down a steep spiral staircase without incident. She gave us a tour of the house pointing out the safe places although the best thing to have done would have been to run outside. Tired but relieved to be safe Jody took the children to bed, on the first floor. I sat alone in the living room, blanking out in wonderment over the earthquake, unsettled by any vibration. Two glasses of wine and a breath of fresh air later I retired to bed. 

At 12:37 I texted my brother that I was safe for a strong tremor had woken me, Jody, Diana and their families.

At 5:08 I texted my brother once again, for another tremor had woken us all up.

I slept through the tremors after that, aware that the bed shook, but exhausted by the stress.

The following morning my brother wanted to know if I could call the consulate, and find out about the evacuation plan for Indian nationals. I didn’t want to leave Jody and her family, for I felt responsible. 

Tired of the stench of exhaustion and dust from the Stupa I took my chances and showered. Later the children told me that there had been a tremor. I never felt it for the heat of the water had erased all fear. 

We ate a simple meal of potatoes, red pasta sauce, tuna (which I had loathed as a child growing up but forced myself to eat) and twisted spiced bread. We felt guilty for John and Victor refused to join us; they were worried for Diana who was at the office organizing relief.

It was during my second helping when the beeps started from the earthquake indicator. We rushed out of the main door, as the beeps changed into a high pitch whistle, only to see the entire house swaying. The ground swayed under our feet different from the first earthquake which had felt more like paper being crinkled in anger. The entire house resembled a tree being bullied by the wind. My phone rang as I watched the car hop up and down with the high pitch wailing continued. My father was calling to ask me to get in touch with the airlines as the lines in Delhi were jammed. I interrupted him to say that we were in the midst of another major earthquake but would call as soon as I could. My father remained calm, much to my relief, and we spoke till the earths' wrath subsided. I immediately tried the Katmandu office of Spicejet, and the Indian consulate but the phones rang and no one answered. Bill and I discussed that it would make more sense to get to the airport and hope that our scheduled flight would go take off. 

At 6pm we left for the International Red Cross Committees office, where the Himalayan newspaper showed pictures of the devastation. Bill explained to the children several times why the earthquake had razed buildings to the ground by standing up on a chair and asking Sherry to shake it. The image of her father shaking under her strength allowed her to comprehend the situation a little easier. 

We drove to the airport where there seemed little damage to buildings and the only evidence of the earthquake were the people camped out in open ground. Shops were closed, but it was a Sunday – and the same calm before the storm effect permeated the air.

The airport was thronging with tourists and a long line of Indians who were trying to avail of the evacuation. I held my breath as the man allowed us to enter the airport and it took forever to get the boarding pass as they had to be handwritten. The conveyor belts were no longer working. 

Bill got as much information from officials passing by and we found that our Spicejet plane had returned to Delhi for they had been told that the runaway had a crack in it.  It returned several hours later but couldn’t land for the airport was small and there was no space to park. The doors to the airport had been opened and passengers milled around on the tarmac close to the planes. Some tourists were smoking as oil tankers passed by to fill up the planes that had been able to land. If this wasn’t enough the heavens opened up and a steady drizzle ensued. We returned indoors, but sat close to the glass doors incase there was another strong earthquake – the choice for the people still left in Nepal now was to either freeze in the open or take their chances by staying indoors.  

Eight hours later, we boarded the Spicejet plane bound for New Delhi, India. It was 2:53 am when the flight finally took off. Exhausted but relieved we were midair, I fell into a disturbed slumber. 



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subsequent damage
http://www.nbcnews.com/watch/nbc-news/rescue-work-at-kathmandus-historic-iconic-monkey-temple-436298307531         

Are you the type of person who needs to break down before you break through? 


One of the best ways to prevent a freak-out is to change the energy through your breath. Every 90 to 120 breaths the dominance changes from one nostril to another. A powerful way to shift your state of mind is to actively change the dominant nostril using breath meditation. In this exercise you’re guided to notice which nostril is dominant when you’re freaking out and then switch to the other nostril. When you switch the dominance from one nostril to the other you switch the dominance from one hemisphere of the brain to the other, which will enable you to look at things from a different perspective. If you are irritated, angry, or in a funky state, practice this and In just a few minutes you will be a different person.

Patanjali’s Yoga Sutras  comprise 196 aphorisms(sutras). In medieval times, Yoga was cast as one of the six orthodox āstika schools of Hindu philosophy. 

Although the Yoga Sutras have become the most important text of Yoga, the opinion of many scholars is that Patañjali was not the creator of Yoga, which existed well before him, but merely a great expounder.

In the Yoga Sutras, Patañjali prescribes adherence to eight "limbs" or steps (the sum of which constitute "Ashtanga Yoga", the title of the second chapter) to quiet one's mind and achieve kaivalya. The Yoga Sutras form the theoretical and philosophical basis of Rāja Yoga, and are considered to be the most organized and complete definition of that discipline. The Sutras not only provide yoga with a thorough and consistent philosophical basis, they also clarify many important esoteric concepts which are common to all traditions of Indian thought, such as karma. 

Patañjali divided his Yoga Sutras into four chapters or books (Sanskrit pada)

• Samadhi Pada (51 sutras). Samadhi refers to a blissful state where the yogi is absorbed into the One. Samadhi is the main technique the yogin learns by which to dive into the depths of the mind to achieve Kaivalya. The author describes yoga and then the nature and the means to attaining samādhi. This chapter contains the famous definitional verse:
  
  "Yogaś citta-vritti-nirodhaḥ" ("Yoga is the restraint of mental modifications").
  
  

• Sadhana Pada (55 sutras). Sadhana is the Sanskrit word for "practice" or "discipline". Here the author outlines two forms of Yoga: 
  
  
• Kriya Yoga (Action Yoga) and Ashtanga Yoga (Eightfold or Eightlimbed Yoga).
  
  Kriya yoga, sometimes called Karma Yoga, is also expounded in Chapter 3 of the Bhagavad Gita, where Arjuna is encouraged by Krishna to act without attachment to the results or fruit of action and activity. It is the yoga of selfless action and service.
  
  
• Ashtanga Yoga describes the eight limbs that together constitute Rāja Yoga.
  
  

• Vibhuti Pada (56 sutras). Vibhuti is the Sanskrit word for "power" or "manifestation". 'Supra-normal powers' (Sanskrit: siddhi) are acquired by the practice of yoga. The temptation of these powers should be avoided and the attention should be fixed only on liberation.
  
  

• Kaivalya Pada (34 sutras). Kaivalya the Sutras stands for emancipation, liberation and used interchangeably with moksha (liberation), which is the goal of Yoga. The Kaivalya Pada describes the process of liberation and the reality of the transcendental ego.

The Hatha Yoga Pradipika written in the 14th Century; the Shiva Samhita, written in the late 15th or 17th century and Gheranda Samhita (late 17th century) are considered the primary texts of yoga.

The Hatha Yoga Pradipika begins with a chapter called Asana.

It explains;

“Being the first accessory of Hatha Yoga, asana is described first. It should be practiced for gaining steady posture, health, and lightness of body.”

It then names 15 asanas. The first 11 are svastikasana  (auspicious),  gomukhasana (cow face, legs),  virasana  (hero),  kurmasana (tortoise), kukkutasana (cock), uttana karmasana  (intense tortoise),  dhanurasana (bow),  matsyasana (fish),  paschimottanasana (seated forward bend), mayurasana  (peacock), and savasana (corpse).

Interestingly, none of these are standing poses. 

After listing these eleven asanas, the text says;

“Shiva taught 84 asanas. Of these the first four being essential ones.”

It then describes four seated asanas: 
siddhasana (perfect), 
padmasana (lotus), 
simhasana (lion), 
bhadrasana (fortunate).

The confusion about names of asanas has always existed, right from the beginning. After describing siddhasana, which the siddhas unsurprisingly viewed as the most important and only really necessary posture, the text goes on to say;

“Some call this siddhasana, some vajrasana. Others call it muktasana or guptasana.”

One pose going by several names appears to be traditional.

The Shiva Samhita has less to say, but it’s an important text and is not to be left out. In the third chapter, titled Practice, verses 90 and 91 show that the disdain of the body was slow to be overcome.

“This temple of suffering and enjoyment, made up of flesh, bones, nerves, marrow, blood and intersected with blood vessels etc., is only for the sake of suffering of sorrow.”

“This body, the abode of Brahma, and composed of fine elements and known as Brahmanda (the egg of Brahma or microcosm) has been made for the enjoyment of pleasure or suffering of pain.”

The Shiva Samhita lists four asanas: 
siddhasana, padmasana, ugrasana, and svastikasana. 
Each of these was in the Hatha Yoga Pradipika except uarasana, which translates to formidable asana. 

There is one more asana in the Shiva Samhita. In the fourth chapter, Mudras, describes mahamudra. Janu sirsasana, or head to knee pose.

The Gheranda Samhita is the most encyclopedic of the three classic texts. This is what it has to say about Asanas;

“There are 8,400,000′s of Asanas described by Shiva. The asanas are as many in number as there are numbers of species of living creatures in this universe.

Among them 84 are the best; and among these 84, 32 have been found useful for mankind in this world.”


A secret oral tradition passed from guru to student, for centuries and then in the late 18th century, everything changed. 

(compiled from several sources).

Patanjali’s Yoga Sutras (written at least 1800 years ago), laid out eight principles which govern the physical, moral and spiritual conduct of yogis:

Yama (ethics)
Niyama (self-control) 
Asana (physical yoga practice)
Pranayama (breathwork)
Pratyahara (sensory withdrawal)
Dharana (concentration)
Dhyana (meditation) 
Samadhi (enlightenment or peace)

The asanas are just one aspect of what makes a yoga practice, and can be seen as a metaphor for living life. The asanas represent life and the ease or struggle; challenges or opportunities with which we deal with them.  Enlightenment can mean finding acceptance and being at peace with ourselves and the world around us.